Difference between revisions of "POWER9"
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POWER9 is IBM's most recent POWER compatible server and workstation CPU ([[PowerISA|POWER ISA]] v3.0B). Built on a 14nm process, each CPU package can contain up to 24 [[SMT4|SMT4]] cores or 12 [[SMT8|SMT8]] cores. Each pair of [[SMT4|SMT4]] cores, or singleton [[SMT8|SMT8]] core, comprises a slice; each slice in turn contains 512kB L2 cache and 10MB L3 cache. Raptor Computing Systems' 4- and 8-core processors provide unpaired cores, such that one [[SMT4|SMT4]] core per slice is fused off. This allows each of the [[SMT4|SMT4]] cores to utilize the full cache of the slice exclusively, increasing performance for these [[Single_Thread|ST]]-focused processors. | POWER9 is IBM's most recent POWER compatible server and workstation CPU ([[PowerISA|POWER ISA]] v3.0B). Built on a 14nm process, each CPU package can contain up to 24 [[SMT4|SMT4]] cores or 12 [[SMT8|SMT8]] cores. Each pair of [[SMT4|SMT4]] cores, or singleton [[SMT8|SMT8]] core, comprises a slice; each slice in turn contains 512kB L2 cache and 10MB L3 cache. Raptor Computing Systems' 4- and 8-core processors provide unpaired cores, such that one [[SMT4|SMT4]] core per slice is fused off. This allows each of the [[SMT4|SMT4]] cores to utilize the full cache of the slice exclusively, increasing performance for these [[Single_Thread|ST]]-focused processors. | ||
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| + | == Chips == | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| || Cumulus | | || Cumulus | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | <references group="note"/> | ||
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| + | [[PowerNV|PowerNV]] systems use [[SMT4|SMT4]] packages exclusively, and these PowerNV SMT4 chips are called Nimbus. | ||
| + | |||
| + | PowerVM systems, in contrast, use SMT8 chips, and are intended to run Linux, AIX, or IBM i under IBM's PowerVM hypervisor. SMT8 chips are planned to be made in both [[Scale Out|Scale Out]] (direct-attach RAM) and [[Scale Up|Scale Up]] (centaur-buffered RAM) configurations.<ref>Stuecheli, Jeff. POWER9. Presentation for [https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/wikis/home?lang=en#!/wiki/Power+Systems/page/AIX+Virtual+User+Group+-+USA AIX VUG]. ([https://public.dhe.ibm.com/systems/power/community/aix/Central-VUG-Replays/2017-01-26_IBM_POWER9.wmv video download], [https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/wikis/form/anonymous/api/wiki/61ad9cf2-c6a3-4d2c-b779-61ff0266d32a/page/1cb956e8-4160-4bea-a956-e51490c2b920/attachment/56cea2a9-a574-4fbb-8b2c-675432367250/media/POWER9-VUG.pdf slides], [[User:Torpcoms/Timemark/POWER9|timemarks]])</ref> | ||
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| + | == Modules == | ||
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| − | + | Nimbus chips are available in three different modules: Sforza, Monza, and LaGrange. Each module exposes different I/O functionality to the host platform, allowing purpose-built systems to be constructed in addition to more general-purpose computers. [[Sforza|Sforza]] is the most flexible of these packages, providing PCIe 4.0 lanes as the main I/O resource, and is what [[Talos_II|Talos™ II]] uses for maximal similarity to existing desktop, workstation, and server systems. [[Monza|Monza]] modules offer the most OpenCAPI/NVLink bandwidth and are used in IBM's AC922 (Witherspoon) systems, such as those used by the Sierra and Summit supercomputers. [[LaGrange|LaGrange]] modules offer increased XBus bandwidth between processor sockets and are used by the Google/Rackspace Zaius motherboard used in the Barreleye G2 system.<ref>Gangidi, Adi [https://blog.rackspace.com/zaius-barreleye-g2-server-development-update-2 Zaius/Barreleye G2 Server Development Update]. 2017-11-13</ref> | |
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| − | + | Little is known about Cumulus chips now; as Scale Up chips, they will trade some peripherals bandwidth for communication between more than 2 sockets.<ref>Morgan, Timothy Prickett. [https://www.nextplatform.com/2017/12/05/power9-to-the-people/ POWER9 to the People]. 2017-12-05</ref> | |
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 01:17, 2 February 2018
| POWER9 | |
|---|---|
| Power ISA | 3.0B |
| Process node | 14nm |
| Maximum slices | 24 |
| Maximum cores | 12 SMT8 / 24 SMT4 |
| L2 cache / slice | 512kB |
| L3 cache / slice | 10MB |
| Production availability | January 2018 |
| Production stepping(s) | DD2.2 |
| ← POWER8E | POWER10 → |
POWER9 is IBM's most recent POWER compatible server and workstation CPU (POWER ISA v3.0B). Built on a 14nm process, each CPU package can contain up to 24 SMT4 cores or 12 SMT8 cores. Each pair of SMT4 cores, or singleton SMT8 core, comprises a slice; each slice in turn contains 512kB L2 cache and 10MB L3 cache. Raptor Computing Systems' 4- and 8-core processors provide unpaired cores, such that one SMT4 core per slice is fused off. This allows each of the SMT4 cores to utilize the full cache of the slice exclusively, increasing performance for these ST-focused processors.
Chips
| PowerNV | PowerVM | |
|---|---|---|
| Scale Out | Nimbus | ?[note 1] |
| Scale Up | Cumulus |
- ↑ The presentation by Jeff Stuecheli makes it clear that these chips will exist, but the codename for them is currently unknown.
PowerNV systems use SMT4 packages exclusively, and these PowerNV SMT4 chips are called Nimbus.
PowerVM systems, in contrast, use SMT8 chips, and are intended to run Linux, AIX, or IBM i under IBM's PowerVM hypervisor. SMT8 chips are planned to be made in both Scale Out (direct-attach RAM) and Scale Up (centaur-buffered RAM) configurations.[1]
Modules
| Chip | Module |
|---|---|
| Nimbus | Sforza |
| Monza | |
| LaGrange | |
| Cumulus |
Nimbus chips are available in three different modules: Sforza, Monza, and LaGrange. Each module exposes different I/O functionality to the host platform, allowing purpose-built systems to be constructed in addition to more general-purpose computers. Sforza is the most flexible of these packages, providing PCIe 4.0 lanes as the main I/O resource, and is what Talos™ II uses for maximal similarity to existing desktop, workstation, and server systems. Monza modules offer the most OpenCAPI/NVLink bandwidth and are used in IBM's AC922 (Witherspoon) systems, such as those used by the Sierra and Summit supercomputers. LaGrange modules offer increased XBus bandwidth between processor sockets and are used by the Google/Rackspace Zaius motherboard used in the Barreleye G2 system.[2]
Little is known about Cumulus chips now; as Scale Up chips, they will trade some peripherals bandwidth for communication between more than 2 sockets.[3]
References
- ↑ Stuecheli, Jeff. POWER9. Presentation for AIX VUG. (video download, slides, timemarks)
- ↑ Gangidi, Adi Zaius/Barreleye G2 Server Development Update. 2017-11-13
- ↑ Morgan, Timothy Prickett. POWER9 to the People. 2017-12-05
Resources
- Basic POWER9 overview presentation
- Power ISA version 3.0B - implemented by POWER9
