Compiling Firmware

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The following steps can be used to compile and update the firmware on Talos™ II-based solutions. It's maintained by both Raptor CS and community members.

Requirements

  • At least 25GB of free hard drive space
  • 16GB of free RAM

Operating System

The build system (op-build) has been primarily tested using Debian stretch. If you are on a different operating system such as Fedora 28, a Debian chroot should be used: 

sudo yum install debootstrap dpkg
sudo debootstrap stretch debian-chroot http://httpredir.debian.org/debian
sudo mount -t proc none debian-chroot/proc/
sudo mount -o bind /sys/ debian-chroot/sys/
sudo mount -o bind /dev/shm/ debian-chroot/dev/shm/

Enter the chroot and install the needed packages: 

sudo chroot debian-chroot/
apt-get install software-properties-common locales
# Packages needed for PNOR builds
apt-get install cscope ctags libz-dev libexpat-dev \
          python texinfo \
          build-essential g++ git bison flex unzip \
          libssl-dev libxml-simple-perl libxml-sax-perl libxml2-dev libxml2-utils xsltproc \
          wget bc rsync
# Packages needed for OpenBMC builds
apt-get install git build-essential libsdl1.2-dev texinfo gawk chrpath diffstat

Create a chroot user: 

useradd -m build-user -s /bin/bash
su build-user
cd

You can now use the chroot to build the firmware.

To enter the chroot in the future, you can run the following from a regular terminal: 

sudo chroot debian-chroot/
su build-user
cd

Building the PNOR Firmware

Grabbing the sources

Raptor CS maintains a public git repository containing the complete source code for the firmware. To download the source code: 

git clone --recursive https://scm.raptorcs.com/scm/git/talos-op-build

Building the firmware

Before building the firmware, all needed support packages must be installed. Please see the README.md file for directions on installing the needed packages.

Once the packages are installed, the firmware can be build using the following commands: 

cd talos-op-build
. op-build-env
op-build talos_defconfig
op-build

To rebuild an individual package (such as hostboot) and recreate the pnor image, the following can be run: 

op-build hostboot-rebuild openpower-pnor-rebuild

Updating the firmware

Copy the firmware to the BMC 

scp ./output/images/talos.pnor root@<talos-openbmc>:/tmp/


At this point, you should connect two SSH sessions to OpenBMC. In the first session, run the following to display the console during bootup: 

ssh -p 2200 root@<talos-openbmc>

The console log will be useful in debugging any issues with the firmware that could occur.

In the second BMC session, ensure the system is off by running obmcutil. You should see the following: 

ssh root@<talos-openbmc>
root@talos:~# obmcutil state
CurrentBMCState     : xyz.openbmc_project.State.BMC.BMCState.Ready
CurrentPowerState   : xyz.openbmc_project.State.Chassis.PowerState.Off
CurrentHostState    : xyz.openbmc_project.State.Host.HostState.Off

The CurrentHostState must be Off before continuing with the procedure. If the CurrentHostState is not Off, please turn off the machine: 

obmcutil chassisoff

Once off, perform the update: 

pflash -E -p /tmp/talos.pnor

Start the machine: 

obmcutil poweron

Note: the machine may reboot multiple times after the initial flash.

Troubleshooting

SBE_MASTER_VERSION_DOWNLEVEL

If you see the following message reported in the console, then the SBE update process did not work as expected: 

 16.74709|Error reported by sbe (0x2200) PLID 0x90000008
 16.74823|  SBE Image Version Miscompare with Master Target
 16.74824|  ModuleId   0x0d SBE_MASTER_VERSION_COMPARE
 16.74825|  ReasonCode 0x2215 SBE_MASTER_VERSION_DOWNLEVEL
 16.74826|  UserData1  Master Target HUID : 0x0000000000050000
 16.74826|  UserData2  Master Target Loop Index : 0x0000000000000000

The machine needs to be reset to finish the update proceedure using the following: 

obmcutil chassisoff
systemctl stop xyz.openbmc_project.State.Host.service
systemctl start xyz.openbmc_project.State.Host.service
obmcutil poweron

The update should now complete as expected.

A bug report is open[1] to track this issue.

internal compiler error: Killed

Building the hostboot source code requires a large amount of ram. If your machine runs out, you may see an error similar ot the following: 

powerpc64le-buildroot-linux-gnu-g++.br_real: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1plus)

To continue you have a few options:

  • Reduce the number of parallel jobs being run by appending -j<num> to you build command line
op-build -j4
  • Increase the swap space
  • Install additional RAM

Building the OpenBMC firmware

Grabbing the sources

Raptor CS maintains a public git repository containing the complete source code for the firmware. To download the source code and check out the tag: 

 git clone https://git.raptorcs.com/git/talos-openbmc
 cd talos-openbmc
 git checkout raptor-v1.07

Building the firmware

Before building the firmware, all needed support packages must be installed. Please see the README.md file for directions on installing the needed packages.

Once the packages are installed, the firmware can be build using the following commands: 

cd talos-openbmc
export TEMPLATECONF=meta-openbmc-machines/meta-openpower/meta-rcs/meta-talos/conf
. openbmc-env
bitbake obmc-phosphor-image

The resulting firmware can be found in the tmp/deploy/images/talos/ directory.

Updating the firmware

Once firmware has been built, the resulting kernel and rofs binaries need to be copied over to the /run/initramfs/ 

scp tmp/deploy/images/talos/image-rofs tmp/deploy/images/talos/image-kernel root@<talos-openbmc>:/run/initramfs/

Once the images have been transferred, reboot the BMC: 

root@<talos-openbmc> reboot

OpenBMC may take a while to reboot. Once complete, you will be able to log back in via ssh.

BMC Recovery procedure via U-Boot

While these instructions have been successfully applied in practice, they are still preliminary. Ask questions in IRC if you are unclear on what to do!

In the event of a failure updating the BMC, but with a functioning u-boot, you can still recover by using U-Boot to manually bootstrap the BMC by manually loading a boot image over the network or BMC serial line.

If your BMC flash is corrupted to the extent that U-Boot is not loading properly, you WILL need to remove and flash the BMC flash chip externally.

  • Prepare a TFTP server, and place image-bmc, image-rofs, and image-kernel in the root. (TODO: elaborate on how to set this up)
  • Connect a serial console to the BMC serial port (J7701, serial port bracket required) and set to 115200 8n1, disable RTS/CTS (hardware flow control).
  • Disconnect and reconnect power to the machine to force a BMC restart. Press a key to interrupt auto-boot when prompted.
  • Run dhcp x.x.x.x:image-bmc, replacing the IP address of your TFTP server. This will load a copy of the stock boot image into RAM.
  • Run bootm 83080000. This will prepare and boot off of the loaded virtual image.
  • If your rofs partition is not functional, you will be dropped into the systemd emergency shell at this point. Try both the password you set as well as the default 0penBmc, it may be one or the other depending on the state of the rwfs partition. If it boots up properly instead of dropping you into the emergency shell, the problem is probably in your kernel partition and you can retry flashing your image-kernel using the normal procedure. (The rest of these instructions are for the systemd emergency shell.)
  • mount -t tmpfs none /tmp
  • run udhcpc to get an IP address. (TODO: verify that this is the actual command that you run. Do you have to specify the network interface too?)
  • cd /tmp
  • tftp -g -r image-rofs x.x.x.x
  • tftp -g -r image-kernel x.x.x.x
  • IMPORTANT: Use md5sum, sha1sum, or sha256sum to verify successful transfer of image-rofs and image-kernel! tftp is a very barebones protocol and relies on transport layer checksumming, which is optional and not always available in UDP!
  • Verify that the output of cat /sys/class/mtd/mtd3/name is kernel and the output of cat /sys/class/mtd/mtd4/name is rofs. We will be flashing mtd partitions directly in the next step and this is the last chance to verify that they will be flashed to the correct partition.
  • flashcp -v image-kernel /dev/mtd3
  • flashcp -v image-rofs /dev/mtd4
  • (TODO: Describe how to reset rwfs in case it was damaged as well?)
  • After the flash is complete, you can run restart the BMC and it should boot successfully.
  • (TODO: Discussion of using Kermit to upload the image without network access)
  • (TODO: Load recovery images over USB?)
  • (TODO: Discussion of u-boot memory map)

Troubleshooting

TODO

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